Īcochlidium fijiiensis is one of very few freshwater gastropods without a shell. There are about 110 extant freshwater species. Neritidae, largely confined to the tropics, also the rivers of Europe, family includes the marine "nerites".Neritiliidae, 5 extant freshwater species.
The Neritimorpha are a group of primitive " prosobranch" gilled snails which have a shelly operculum. Hygrophila: Chilinidae, Latiidae, Acroloxidae, Lymnaeidae. Glacidorboidea with the only family Glacidorbidae Some of these highlighted families consist entirely of freshwater species, but some of them also contain, or even mainly consist of, marine species.)
(2010) and simplified with families that contain freshwater species marked in boldface: (Marine gastropods (Siphonarioidea, Sacoglossa, Amphiboloidea, Pyramidelloidea) are not depicted within Panpulmonata for simplification. The following cladogram is an overview of the main clades of gastropods based on the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), modified after Jörger et al. Planorbidae ► and Physidae - all these six families together form the clade Hygrophila Lower Heterobranchia: Glacidorbidae and ValvatidaeĪcochlidiacea: Acochlidiidae, Tantulidae and Strubelliidaeīasommatophora: Chilinidae, Latiidae, Acroloxidae, Lymnaeidae. Neogastropoda: Nassariidae and Marginellidae Littorinimorpha: Littorinidae, Amnicolidae, Assimineidae, Bithyniidae, Cochliopidae, Helicostoidae, Hydrobiidae, Lithoglyphidae, Moitessieriidae, Pomatiopsidae and Stenothyridae Sorbeoconcha: Melanopsidae, Pachychilidae, Paludomidae, Pleuroceridae, Semisulcospiridae and Thiaridae † Paleozoic Neritimorpha of uncertain systematic positionĬycloneritimorpha: Neritiliidae and NeritidaeĬaenogastropoda of uncertain systematic positionĪrchitaenioglossa: Ampullariidae and Viviparidae † Basal taxa that are certainly Gastropoda † Paleozoic molluscs of uncertain systematic position The following cladogram is an overview of the main clades of gastropods based on the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), with families that contain freshwater species marked in boldface: (Some of the highlighted families consist entirely of freshwater species, but some of them also contain, or even mainly consist of, marine species.) From six to eight of these independent lineages occur in North America. It is not possible to quantify the exact number of these lineages yet, because they have yet to be clarified within the Cerithioidea. Īt least 33–38 independent lineages of gastropods have successfully colonized freshwater environments. Most feed on algae, but many are detritivores and some are filter feeders.Īccording to a 2008 review of the taxonomy, there are about 4,000 species of freshwater gastropods (3,795–3,972). In addition, some are amphibious and have both gills and a lung (e.g. Some groups of snails that live in freshwater respire using gills, whereas other groups need to reach the surface to breathe air. The great majority of freshwater gastropods have a shell, with very few exceptions. They are found throughout the world in various habitats, ranging from ephemeral pools to the largest lakes, and from small seeps and springs to major rivers. Planorbella trivolvis, an air-breathing ramshorn snailįreshwater snails are gastropod mollusks that live in fresh water.
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